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    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a dryer (1, 23, 24) with a closed atmosphere for separating the volatile mixtures of water and low boilers from sewage sludge in a heating circuit (7). This is achieved in that a pipe (12) for mixtures of the distillates, an absorber (13, 18) for a binary mixture of NH3 and water H2O, in which one heat exchange medium is water and the other heat exchange medium is the distillates from sewage sludge and for the cold water H2O a feed line (14, 19) is provided. As a result, when sewage sludge is dried in a transport container (1, 23, 24), it is possible to avoid the hotspots of sewage sludge mono-incineration for investments in immissions-free and CO2-free objects.
    公开号:CH717271A2
    申请号:CH00324/21
    申请日:2021-03-26
    公开日:2021-09-30
    发明作者:Curtius Fritz
    申请人:Curtius Fritz；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to dryers in a closed atmosphere for separation (separation) of water and low boilers from sewage sludge to show the separation of ammonia, NH3 from sewage sludge in the production of dry matter, to produce sewage sludge with little NH3 and the climate before Relief gases such as CO2 and nitrous oxide N2O formed when burning NH3 with water.
    The invention is also concerned with the goals of the climate summit in Glasgow to limit immissions to global warming of 1.5 ° C.
    Recently, international corporations (Swiss Re Group) in the field of climate protection have learned that big goals in the investment portfolio are no longer sufficient, and participation in the real economy is just as important for the development of climate protection strategies. More details: Swiss Re publishes high climate targets; accelerates Race to net zero; March 16, 2021 / Christian Mumenthaler / Zurich and Guido Fürer. In the case of the investment, it is accordingly the case that the investments are intended as immissions-free and CO2-free objects.
    For the reduction of ammonia NH3, which is harmful when burning with H2O, a law according to VO 641.711 from Switzerland is known, according to which the greenhouse gases CO2 and other climate-damaging gases, such as the nitrous oxide N20 formed when burning NH3 by a factor of 298 CO2eq equivalent are shown. Accordingly, according to the current climate protection strategy, incineration plants are also affected by sewage sludge because of the additional high immissions of climate-damaging gases from NH3 and further measures and investments are necessary for sewage sludge.
    [0005] Furthermore, Switzerland's climate goals are named in the Energie Zukunft Schweiz magazine, according to which new concepts and new business cases with ambitious goals for Switzerland are addressed so that zero emissions and the use of limited resources in climate protection in Switzerland are made possible. (Energy Future Switzerland, Dec. 2018, Vincent Eckert, Swiss Re, Management Ltd, Adliswil). Accordingly, especially in Switzerland, with the most harmful, additional greenhouse gases from NH3 combustion, further measures are necessary.
    It is also known of the reduction of the most harmful greenhouse gases from the FOEN, according to projects no. 0117 and no. 0159 in the Emmen sewage treatment plant by 2020 in less than 4 years 40,000 Mg CO2eq from nitrous oxide N20 in the incineration of sewage sludge in a Post-treatment by thermal cleavage at 960 ° C with 10,000 Mg CO2eq per year - net - to have eliminated. Accordingly, using the example of Zurich at 1,500,000 PE for the additional immission of (10,000 / 220,000 * 1,500,000) 68,181 Mg CO2eq per year, further measures are necessary. See example: below.
    Disadvantage: the climate costs for additional CO2 immission, almost 800 times the amount of the NH3 measured value: For more details in the example: see below.68,000 Mg x 100 CHF = 6,800,000 CHF per year, to be paid from 2015, the start of sewage sludge incineration.
    From this mono-incineration of sewage sludge in Zurich Werdhölzli it is known that 3.750 mg of NH3-containing sludge, together with 5 mg of water, H2O are burned every hour. Disadvantages are: global warming due to the displacement work p (v "- v ') of 5,000 kg of steam, the immission of 40,000 Mg of steam / a and the generation of the worst climate gas, namely nitrous oxide N20 in the amount of 68,181 Mg CO2eq documented by the FOEN 7 times the ARA Emmen Disadvantage: the hotspot of climate-damaging emissions near the city center.
    Major disadvantages: The hotspot with the additional immissions and consequential immissions costs due to the inclusion of sewage sludge of 1,100,000 inhabitants from outside Zurich. The disadvantage is the devaluation of real estate and land in the hotspot, private and public, according to the state of the art (Swiss re). Example: 50 CHF / m2 at 84.7 km2 (84,700,000 m2 x 50 CHF / m2) 4,235,000,000 CHF depreciation due to inner-city, central sewage sludge incineration.
    Furthermore, a proposal for global climate protection from the WEF Davos 2020 is known to reduce the risks of the world economy due to climate change by "planting trees" by multiples of 1,000,000,000 trees in order to separate CO2 gases; with a disadvantageous area requirement of 1 ha, for 13 Mg CO2 integration per year. Major disadvantage: lack of land and the supply of sewage sludge of 1,100,000 inhabitants from outside Zurich-city, formation of hotspots at the headquarters of the insurance companies (Swiss Re).
    A method for drying a moist sewage sludge is known from the publication CH 644 683 of SULZER-Escher Wyss AG, according to which the water is separated from the sewage sludge as a distillate at boiling point and the distillate is then condensed. Further measures are necessary to limit immission from mono-incineration and to reduce hotspots.
    Furthermore, a guideline for the treatment of immissions is known from the amended TA Luft from March 26th, 2021 (resolution template), according to which an avoidance of immissions in the treatment of sewage sludge in the 4 country corner, Germany, Austria, Liechtenstein and Switzerland is possible and necessary.
    The invention specified in claim 1 for more climate protection in the treatment of sewage sludge according to the state of the art in Switzerland, in which the most harmful greenhouse gases occur in the mono-combustion and other emissions occur in the city center through the supply of sewage sludge, is with the Any consequential damage and costs incurred in Zurich are based on the problem of proposing a solution for separating the ammonia from the sewage sludge for drying the sewage sludge, in order to separate NH3 from the sewage sludge with zero emissions, to avoid the formation of CO2eq emissions as N2O in the incineration and to enable investments in CO2-free areas without global warming and real estate and buildings. Another task is to avoid the delivery of moist sewage sludge to the metropolitan areas and additional immissions in the hotspots.
    This problem is solved by the features listed in claim 1, of dryers in a closed atmosphere for separation (separation) of water and low boilers from sewage sludge as distillates, in which a pipe is provided for discharging the excess of distillates, an absorber for the Distillates from NH3 and water H2O are provided, in which a heat exchange medium and sorbent are water and the sorbent is the distillates from the sewage sludge,and the sorbent is provided for sealing off the atmosphere, and in particular a feed line for water and a withdrawal line for sorbate are provided.
    Advantageous further developments and embodiments of the invention are possible through the measures mentioned in the dependent claims 2 to 8.
    The advantages achieved with the dryer in a closed atmosphere consist in climate protection and in the separation of the NH3 from the moist sewage sludge - instead of the cleavage of N20 at 960 ° C - and in the saving of global warming through the displacement work p (V "- V ') of water vapor and the immission from water vapor.
    Further advantages: o Sewage sludge drying decentralized; o Zero immission from the dryer; o No depreciation of land, land and real estate due to immissions; o Fulfillment of the CO2 law VO 641.711 of Switzerland; o Avoidance of the follow-up costs for CO2 - 68,000 Mg / a in Zurich; o Avoidance of central combustion and hotspots in cities.
    An essential feature of the invention, with a pipeline for discharging the excess of distillates, is to divert the distillates formed from the sewage sludge. Achieved advantage: NH3 discharge integrated into the drying process.
    Another feature of the invention consists in the sorbent as a seal from the atmosphere. The advantage is that the liquid is 100% sealed against gas penetration and a condensation stage is formed when vapors enter; Essential advantage: Saving of energy without the work of displacement p (v "- v ') of water vapor (v"), without hotspot.
    An advantageous embodiment of the invention is specified in claim 2. The development according to claim 2 makes it possible to provide a feed line for water and a withdrawal line for sorbate. The benefit achieved is: Features of batch operation as well as recycling of energy and integrated treatment of NH3.
    An advantageous embodiment of the invention is specified in claim 3. The development according to claim 3 makes it possible to provide a heating circuit on the dryer. The advantage consists in the use of various types of waste heat, from flue gases, digester gases, salt energy storage and methane, ketones, electrical as heating.
    An advantageous embodiment of the invention is specified in claim 4. The development according to claim 4 makes it possible to provide a fan on the absorber. The advantage: plant security and transport security of operating volumes.
    An advantageous embodiment of the invention is specified in claim 5. The development according to claim 5 makes it possible to provide an absorber with several separation stages. Advantage: batch operation and several absorber levels. Significant advantage: increased separation efficiency of NH3.
    An advantageous embodiment of the invention is specified in claim 6. The development according to claim 6 makes it possible to provide a disposal line for sorbates in the macaw. The condensate of the distillates in the heated sorbates in the Ara (sewage treatment plant) can advantageously be used. Advantage: zero emissions with 100% recycling of waste heat with integration of the NH3.
    An advantageous embodiment of the invention is given in claim 7 with dryers in a closed atmosphere for separation (separation) of water and low boilers from sewage sludge as distillates, in which a transport container is provided for dry material, a pipe for discharging the excess of distillates provided, an absorber for the distillates from NH3 and water H2O is provided, in which a heat exchange medium and sorbent water and ammonia and the sorbent are the distillates from sewage sludge and the sorbent is provided for a closure of the atmosphere. The advantage achieved: The container net area of 13.88 m2 for a 20 'container and the net area consumption of (2 x 13.88) 27.76 m2 for one container at the filter press and one in the drying station. The main advantage: the space required when integrating the NH3 separation.
    An advantageous development of the invention is given in claim 8 for transport containers with nozzles for hot gases, inflow floors for dry material and outlet nozzles for gases used for integration into the circuit. The advantage achieved: simplicity, drying and NH3 separation with little staff required. This is because if the container from the filter press is filled over 24 hours, then no personnel is required.Further advantages of the climate-positive invention are shown in the drawing in FIG. 1 and described by calculation in examples. They show: FIG. 1 dryer with a closed atmosphere
    A dryer integrated into a circuit is shown in Figure 1 as a scheme, which consists of a dryer 1, built up from a transport container on wheels, an inflow base 2 for receiving sewage sludge, abandoned by a chamber filter press, a filling 3 with sewage sludge on the Inflow floor 2, a free space 4, a ceiling 5 of the container 1, from a nozzle 6 for feeding heated gases from a circuit 7, from a nozzle 8 leading into the circuit 7, from a fan 9, a device 10 for dust separation, from a heating stage 11 with the continuing pipeline in the circuit 7, from a detachable connection on the connection piece 6, a further detachable connection on the connection piece 8 and for the discharge of excess distillates from the dryer 1, from a removal line 12 to an absorber 13, in the design as a quench cooler, with a task line 14 for cold water and a withdrawal line 15 for the steam condensation n heated water, from further lines 16, a fan 17 for the suction of excess distillates, an absorber 18 for the absorption of low boilers NH3 in cold water, with feed lines 19 and a withdrawal line 20 as well as a pressure measuring point 21 with an electronic connection 22 to the speed-determined delivery volume of the Fan 17 for a controlled operating pressure at the measuring point 21, a return 26 of the non-condensable is constructed so that • a separation of NH3 at 100 ° C, 133 ° C above the boiling point is possible, in the transport container with zero emissions; • There is no global warming, no work of displacement P (v "- v ') of vapors, no hotspot due to sewage sludge; • waste heat is recycled and primary energy is saved; • climate positivity of the residents is possible if the condensation of the excess distillates is possible as energy gain; • reduction of the hotspot Zurich by 1,100,000 inhabitants; • A decentralized space consumption of 2 x 13.88 m2 for 2 container spaces is planned; • Water circuits and pumps are saved by the design of the quench cooler according to F28C 3/06; CO2 credits from avoiding CO2 emissions and the hotspot is possible.
    Essential advantage: Integration of the NH3 separation in the transport container, without the formation of nitrous oxide N20, without hotspot.
    Furthermore, a bypass pipeline 25 for setting a constant flow in the circuit and an underframe 23 on wheels 24 are shown in Figure 1, whereby the transport container is displaceable.
    In addition to the representation in Figure 1 with the discharge of the excess gases, other connections of the pipeline 12 are possible, which are not listed in detail. It is important that excess gases are diverted from the circuit via the transport container so that the advantages of plant safety, personal protection and explosion protection remain. The advantage is: The security of the integrated separation of NH3 up to 100 ° C through the connection of the transport container.
    Further advantages of the invention are shown as an example for sewage treatment plants that work without thermal decomposition of N20 and without nitrous oxide formation from NH3, with the savings compared to the prior art: FOEN - nitrous oxide project No. 0117 Emmen CO2 reduction after Act VO 641.711 CH Elimination of CO2eq emissions from nitrous oxide N2O mono-incineration in the Emmen sewage treatment plant near Lucerne Size Emmen 220,000 PE Priority at the FOEN, submission of the application 12/19/2014 Investment 3,000,000 CHF Amortization via CO2 remuneration in the first year of 2015 nitrous oxide separation in 4 years as CO2eq , net 40,000 Mg / a funding / remuneration 3,000,000 / 10,000 t-net 300 CHF / Mg CO2eq, net savings for Zurich, allocated area 84.7 km2 reference area of the sewage treatment plant 8,470 ha sewage treatment plant with mono-incineration Werdhölzli commissioned, with nitrous oxide from NH3 August 2015 Nominal CO2 immission: 10,000 * 1,500,000 / 220,000 PE 68,181 Mg CO2eq / a Climate damage caused by CO2 68,181 Mg CO2 / a Dry sludge 30,000 / 8,000 3.75 Mg / h evaporation 40,000 / 8,000 5 Mg / h global warming through displacement work - 40.5 kcal / kg p (v "- v ') geothermal heating 235 kW * 8,000 1,883 MWh / a untreated quantity from the Emmen project - net 68,000 Mg CO2eq / a Major disadvantage: Hotspot Zurich Immission pollution on 8,470 ha 84,700,000 m2 financial loss at 50 CHF / m2 4,235,000,000 CHF
    Damage avoidance: from the sewage sludge incineration near the city and the sludge supply of 1,100,000 inhabitants from outside in the hotspot Zurich.
    Sewage sludge drying according to FIG. 1
    Achieved advantages in climate protection for Switzerland:
    State-of-the-art climate protection (Swiss Re), decentralization of sewage sludge drying, relief of climate gases from 1,100,000 inhabitants in Zurich, avoidance of loss of value in real estate and reduction of hotspots.
    Essential advantage, the physical material data used: The boiling point of NH3 at -33.34 ° C; The evaporation pressure at 100 ° C in anhydrous sewage sludge; Work of displacement 169 kJ / kg steam at 100 ° C according to E. Schmidt; NH3 absorber several separation stages at lower temperatures. The result achieved - integration of the NH3 evaporation at </ = 100 ° C. - Zero emissions of CO2eq from NH3.
    Improvement in climate protection:
    Avoidance of the hotspots of mono-incineration of sewage sludge.
    List of reference symbols
    1 - dryer 2 - inflow base 3 - filling with dry material - capacity 4 - free space 5 - ceiling of the container 6 - nozzle for hot gases 7 - circuit, hot for gases 8 - outlet nozzle, for gases used 9 - fan 10 - dust separation , Device for ... 11 - heating stage 12 - pipeline, extraction line 13 - absorber 14 - feed line 15 - water extraction line 16 - further line 17 - fan 18 - absorber for NH3 19 - supply lines 20 - extraction line 21 - pressure measuring point 22 - electronic connection 23 - Base 24 - Wheels 25 - Bypass pipeline 26 - Return, line
    权利要求:
    Claims (8)
    [1]
    1. Dryer in a closed atmosphere for separation (separation) of water and low boilers from sewage sludge as distillates, whereby(1) a pipe (12) is provided for discharging the excess of distillates,(2) an absorber (13) is provided for the distillates from NH3 and water H2O, in which a heat exchange medium and sorbent are water and ammonia and the sorbent is the distillates from sewage sludge,(3) and the sorbent (sorbent) is provided for a closure of the atmosphere.
    [2]
    A dryer according to the preceding claim 1, wherein a feed line (14) for water and a removal line (15) for sorbate are provided.
    [3]
    A dryer according to any preceding claim, wherein a heating circuit (7) is provided on the dryer (1).
    [4]
    A dryer according to any preceding claim, wherein a fan (17) is provided on the absorber (13).
    [5]
    A dryer according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein an absorber (13, 18) with several separation stages is provided.
    [6]
    A dryer according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a discharge line (20) is provided for sorbates into the macaw.
    [7]
    7. Closed atmosphere dryer for separation (separation) of water and low boilers from sewage sludge as distillates according to claim 1, wherein(1) a transport container (1, 24, 25) is provided in a closed atmosphere,(2) a pipe (12) is provided for discharging the excess of distillates,(3) an absorber (13) is provided for the distillates from NH3 and water H2O, in which a heat exchange medium and sorbent are water and ammonia and the sorbent is the distillates from sewage sludge,(4) and the sorbent is provided for a closure from the atmosphere.
    [8]
    8. Dryer according to the preceding claim, wherein in transport containers (1, 24, 25) nozzles (6) for hot gases, inflow bases (2) for dry material (3) and outlet nozzles (8) for gases used for integration into the circuit (7) are provided.
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    同族专利:
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    CH644683A5|1979-05-28|1984-08-15|Escher Wyss Ag|METHOD FOR THERMALLY TREATING A MATERIAL LAYER.|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102020002018|2020-03-28|
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